Fasting During Ramadan with Chronic Illness: A Simple Guide
Ramadan is a time of reflection, devotion, and self-discipline. For Muslims all over the world, fasting from sunrise to sunset during this holy month is a cherished act of worship. But if you live with a chronic illness, fasting can be a bit more complicated.
Here, we explain how you can approach fasting safely—or decide not to fast if it’s not right for your health.
Why Fasting Is Important
Fasting during Ramadan isn’t just about skipping meals. It’s a way to grow closer to God, feel gratitude, and understand the struggles of those in need. But Islam also values health and well-being. If fasting could harm you, it’s okay not to fast. The Quran says:
... And whoever is ill or on a journey—then an equal number of days [are to be made up]." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185)
This means you can make up missed fasts later or offer charity instead, depending on your situation.
Common Health Conditions and Fasting
Diabetes
If you have diabetes, fasting can affect your blood sugar levels. It might make them too low (hypoglycemia) or too high (hyperglycemia). Fasting isn’t recommended for people with Type 1 diabetes or poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes.
Tips:
Check your blood sugar levels often, even while fasting.
Work with your doctor to adjust your medication schedule.
Break your fast immediately if you feel dizzy or weak.
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Fasting can help some people with high blood pressure by encouraging healthier eating habits. But skipping medication or eating salty foods during iftar can cause problems.
Tips:
Take your medications at suhoor (pre-dawn) and iftar (evening).
Avoid salty foods and drink plenty of water when you’re not fasting.
Monitor your blood pressure to reduce the risk of hypotension while fasting
Kidney Problems
If you have kidney disease, fasting may cause dehydration and make your condition worse. People on dialysis usually shouldn’t fast.
Tips:
Talk to your doctor to see if fasting is safe for you.
Drink lots of water during non-fasting hours if fasting is allowed.
Stomach Issues
Fasting can trigger problems like acid reflux or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), especially if you eat large meals at iftar.
Tips:
Eat smaller portions and avoid spicy or fried foods.
Choose foods that are gentle on your stomach.
Heart Conditions
If your heart condition is stable, fasting might be safe with medical supervision. But if you’ve had a recent heart issue, fasting might not be a good idea.
Tips:
Eat heart-healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Avoid heavy exercise during fasting hours.
Obesity
For individuals with obesity, fasting can be an opportunity to develop healthier eating habits and lose weight. However, overeating during iftar or suhoor can negate the benefits and lead to weight gain.
Tips:
Focus on balanced meals with plenty of vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.
Avoid sugary drinks and fried foods.
Stay active during non-fasting hours with light exercise.
Neurological Conditions (Stroke, Dementia, Epilepsy, Parkinson’s Disease)
Fasting can be challenging for people with neurological conditions due to the need for regular medications and stable hydration levels.
Stroke:
People recovering from a stroke may experience fatigue or difficulty maintaining energy levels while fasting.
Tips: Speak to your doctor to evaluate your ability to fast safely.
Dementia:
People with dementia may forget to eat or drink during non-fasting hours, leading to dehydration or malnutrition.
Tips: Caregivers should closely monitor their loved ones and consult a doctor for tailored advice.
Epilepsy:
Skipping meals or medications can trigger seizures in some people with epilepsy.
There may be a worsening of seizures with sleep deprivation or interruption of usual sleeping habits.
Tips: Ensure strict adherence to medication schedules and consult a neurologist about fasting suitability. If praying additional night prayers, try to sleep in as much as possible after the morning prayers.
Parkinson’s Disease:
A common medication for Parkinson’s Disease is madopar
There are long acting and short acting formulations available
The medication regime may need to be adjusted for a person to safely fast
This will prevent “wearing off” of the medications and problems with movement that may result in fall
A person with Parkinon’s Disease may be at risk of fall due to blood pressure issues
Make sure you know the signs of low blood pressure and know how to take precautions and ways to increase your blood pressure
Tip: speak to your doctor and plan ahead to adjust medications so that you are used to the changes before Ramadan
General Tips for a Healthy Ramadan
Talk to Your Doctor: Before Ramadan starts, ask your doctor if it’s safe for you to fast. They can help adjust your medications or diet. If fasting isn’t safe for you, you can offer fidya (feeding someone in need for each day missed).
Cut down on smoking: Ramadan is a great time to reduce or quit smoking, which can improve overall health and make fasting easier.
Stay Hydrated: Drink lots of water between iftar and suhoor to avoid dehydration.
Eat Smart: Choose healthy foods like lean proteins, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Avoid sugary and fried foods.
Listen to Your Body: If you feel unwell while fasting, don’t hesitate to break your fast.
Ask for Religious Advice: Your imam can help you understand the rules about fasting and chronic illness.
Final Thoughts
Fasting during Ramadan is a special experience, but your health comes first. By planning ahead, talking to your doctor, and seeking guidance from your imam, you can make the right choice for your body and soul. Remember, taking care of your health is also an act of worship.